The Commission has published a report on the penalties for serious infringements against the social rules in road transport provided for in the legislation of the Member States, as required by Article 10 of Directive 2006/22/EC on minimum conditions for the implementation of social legislation relating to road transport activities.
The infringements concern two regulations.
Regulation (EC) No 561/2006 on the harmonisation of certain social legislation relating to road transport contains very precise rules on the maximum driving times and the minimum rest periods and breaks for drivers engaged in professional transport.
Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85 on recording equipment in road transport concerns the instalment and use of the tachograph.
***
Penalties for infringements
Regulation (EC) No 561/2006 requires Member States to lay down rules on penalties applicable to infringements of both Regulations. The penalties have to be effective, proportionate, dissuasive and non-discriminatory.
Recital 26 of the Regulation states in addition that the possibility of immobilising the vehicle where serious infringements are detected should also be included within the common range of measures open to member states.
However, there is no definition in the Regulation of what should be considered a serious infringement.
Directive 2006/22/EC originally contained an Annex III with a non-exhaustive list of what is to be regarded as an infringement. This Annex III has recently been replaced by a new Annex by way of Commission Directive 2009/5/EC. This new Annex III contains guidelines on the categorisation of infringements against the two Regulations.
***
Conclusions
The Commission’s analysis reaches the conclusion that the penalties for serious infringements vary too much between the EU member states (page 7 and 8):
The rules on penalties applicable to serious infringements of the social legislation vary appreciably between Member States as regards the types of penalties, the level of fines and the categorisation of infringements.
While all Member States use fines as a penalty, not all of them provide for the immobilization of vehicles or imprisonment, for example. In some Member States, withdrawal of a driver’s driving licence or driver card is possible.
When looking at how the Member States grade the different types or levels of infringements, the situation becomes even more complex. The amounts of the fines vary significantly between Member States, in extreme cases by as much as 1:10. These differences can only be partly explained by the socio-economic differences that make the same fine proportionate and dissuasive in one country but not necessarily in another.
While for infringements against the driving times and rest periods, it is rather clear which infringements has to be considered to be more serious than another, the categorisation of infringements varies considerably between Member States for infringements against Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85. Some infringements are seen as serious infringements in one country, but not necessarily in another.
Moreover, the penalties applied for infringement of the rules of Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85 do not correspond in many Member States with the Community guidelines on the categorisation of infringements as contained in Commission Directive 2009/5/EC amending Annex III to Directive 2006/22/EC.
For drivers and undertakings engaged in international transport, it is therefore very difficult to receive a clear message concerning the gravity of possible infringements when they do not comply with certain provisions of Regulation (EC) No 561/2006 and Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85, as the penalties they risk in the different Member States give contradictory feedback.
The Commission considers this situation resulting of the decisions of the legislators to be unsatisfactory in terms of equal conditions for drivers and undertakings. The new Annex to Directive 2006/22/EC, introduced by Commission Directive 2009/5/EC, provides a basis for a common understanding of what should be considered as serious infringement and what not.
Member States are encouraged to take the necessary steps to provide for more harmonised application of the social rules in road transport and thus to improve observance of the social rules in road transport.
The Commission will continue to work on this issue, in particular by supporting dialogue between Member States concerning national interpretation and application of the social rules in road transport through the Committee foreseen in Regulation (EC) No 561/2006, and taking into account the limits of the competence that Member States and the legislators have decided to give to the Commission.
***
Source
Report from the Commission Analysing the penalties for serious infringements against the social rules in road transport, as provided for in the legislation of the Member States; Brussels, 15.5.2009, COM(2009) 225 final.
Ralf Grahn
Showing posts with label road transport. Show all posts
Showing posts with label road transport. Show all posts
Wednesday, 20 May 2009
Thursday, 5 March 2009
European Union: Transport competition
Looking for amendments to European Union (European Community) legislation is time-consuming. Reading disjointed versions is laborious and prone to errors, especially if several amendments have been made.
Updated and readable legal acts are therefore important for users. Issuing codified versions or at least publishing consolidations of amended legal acts are means to save time and effort for businesses and their advisors.
***
Transport competition
One example of such a tidying-up exercise in the field of rail, road and inland waterway transport is:
Council Regulation (EC) No 169/2009 of 26 February 2009 applying rules of competition to transport by rail, road and inland waterway (Codified version), has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union (OJEU) 5.3.2009 L 61/1.
The scope of this Regulation, based on Article 83 of the Treaty establishing the European Community (TEC) and with EEA relevance, is:
Article 1
Scope
The provisions of this Regulation shall, in the field of transport by rail, road and inland waterway, apply both to all agreements, decisions and concerted practices which have as their object or effect the fixing of transport rates and conditions, the limitation or control of the supply of transport, the sharing of transport markets, the application of technical improvements or technical cooperation, or the joint financing or acquisition of transport equipment or supplies where such operations are directly related to the provision of transport services and are necessary for the joint operation of services by a grouping within the meaning of Article 3 of road or inland waterway transport undertakings, and to the abuse of a dominant position on the transport market. These provisions shall apply also to operations of providers of services ancillary to transport which have any of those objects or effects.
***
Balancing act
In principle, the competition rules of the European Community (Articles 81 and 82 TEC) are general, but Article 83(2)(c) provides for rules which take into account ‘the various branches of the economy’. The treaty sees transport as a distinct area, with its special features (Title V), so the rules balance between competition principles and what are perceived as branch concerns.
Ralf Grahn
Updated and readable legal acts are therefore important for users. Issuing codified versions or at least publishing consolidations of amended legal acts are means to save time and effort for businesses and their advisors.
***
Transport competition
One example of such a tidying-up exercise in the field of rail, road and inland waterway transport is:
Council Regulation (EC) No 169/2009 of 26 February 2009 applying rules of competition to transport by rail, road and inland waterway (Codified version), has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union (OJEU) 5.3.2009 L 61/1.
The scope of this Regulation, based on Article 83 of the Treaty establishing the European Community (TEC) and with EEA relevance, is:
Article 1
Scope
The provisions of this Regulation shall, in the field of transport by rail, road and inland waterway, apply both to all agreements, decisions and concerted practices which have as their object or effect the fixing of transport rates and conditions, the limitation or control of the supply of transport, the sharing of transport markets, the application of technical improvements or technical cooperation, or the joint financing or acquisition of transport equipment or supplies where such operations are directly related to the provision of transport services and are necessary for the joint operation of services by a grouping within the meaning of Article 3 of road or inland waterway transport undertakings, and to the abuse of a dominant position on the transport market. These provisions shall apply also to operations of providers of services ancillary to transport which have any of those objects or effects.
***
Balancing act
In principle, the competition rules of the European Community (Articles 81 and 82 TEC) are general, but Article 83(2)(c) provides for rules which take into account ‘the various branches of the economy’. The treaty sees transport as a distinct area, with its special features (Title V), so the rules balance between competition principles and what are perceived as branch concerns.
Ralf Grahn
Sunday, 25 May 2008
EU TFEU: Land, sea and air transport
The EU Treaty of Lisbon continues to make a distinction between rail, road and inland waterway, to which the TFEU Transport Title applies, and sea and air transport, still treated as optional with regard to EU legislation.
***
Article 100 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) is found in the consolidated version of the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, published in the Official Journal of the European Union, OJ 9.5.2008 C 115/87–88:
Part Three ‘Policies and internal actions of the Union’
Title VI TFEU ‘Transport’
Article 100 TFEU
(ex Article 80 TEC)
1. The provisions of this Title shall apply to transport by rail, road and inland waterway.
2. The European Parliament and the Council, acting in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure, may lay down appropriate provisions for sea and air transport. They shall act after consulting the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions.
***
In Article 2, point 75 of the Treaty of Lisbon (ToL) the intergovernmental conference (IGC 2007) laid out the specific amendments to Article 80 TEC (OJ 17.12.2007 C 306/68).
75) In Article 80, paragraph 2 shall be replaced by the following:
‘2. The European Parliament and the Council, acting in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure, may lay down appropriate provisions for sea and air transport. They shall act after consulting the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions.’.
***
The TFEU table of equivalences tells us that Article 80 TEC first became Article 80 TFEU (ToL), but later renumbered Article 100 TFEU in the consolidated version (OJ 17.12.2007 C 306/210).
***
The current Article 80 of the Treaty establishing the European Community (TEC) is found under Title V ‘Transport’ in the latest consolidated version of the treaties in force (OJ 29.12.2006 C 321 E/73):
Article 80 TEC
1. The provisions of this title shall apply to transport by rail, road and inland waterway.
2. The Council may, acting by a qualified majority, decide whether, to what extent and by what procedure appropriate provisions may be laid down for sea and air transport.
The procedural provisions of Article 71 shall apply.
***
For the sake of a systematic comparison, we look at the Article during the previous treaty reform stages.
First, we turn to the European Convention.
Article III-143 of the draft Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe looked like this (OJ 18.7.2003 C 169/55):
Article III-143 Draft Constitution
1. This Section shall apply to transport by rail, road and inland waterway.
2. European laws or framework laws may lay down appropriate measures for sea and air transport. They shall be adopted after consultation of the Committee of the Regions and the Economic and Social Committee.
***
Article III-245 of the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe adopted the wording of the European Convention without change (OJ 16.12.2004 C 310/108).
***
What has been said about Article 100 TFEU?
United Kingdom
Professor Steve Peers covered the Treaty of Lisbon in a number of Statewatch Analyses. ‘EU Reform Treaty Analysis no. 3.3: Revised text of Part Three, Titles I to VI of the Treaty establishing the European Community (TEC): Internal Market and competition’ (Version 2, 23 October 2007) includes the current Title V Transport.
Peers highlighted the amendment to Article 80 TEC and TFEU (ToL), to be renumbered Article 100 TFEU in the consolidated version, and he added the following comment (page 23):
“In practice, legislation on sea and air transport is already adopted by the co-decisions procedure.”
The analysis 3.3 and other useful Statewatch analyses are available through:
http://www.statewatch.org/euconstitution.htm
***
The Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) offers a convenient source of brief annotations on Lisbon Treaty amendments in ‘A comparative table of the current EC and EU treaties as amended by the Treaty of Lisbon’ (Command Paper 7311, published 21 January 2008). It offers the following comment on Article 100 TFEU, Article 80 TFEU (ToL) in the original Lisbon Treaty (page 11):
“Draws and Article 80 TEC. QMV already applies, co-decision applied to paragraph 2.”
The FCO comparative table is available at:
http://www.official-documents.gov.uk/document/cm73/7311/7311.asp
***
The UK House of Commons Library Research Paper 07/86 ‘The Treaty of Lisbon: amendments to the Treaty establishing the European Community’ (published 6 December 2007) wrapped up Transport in a brief comment on page 56:
“F. Transport
Title V, Articles 70-80 (Constitution Articles III-236 – 245) are on transport and are based largely on Articles 70 – 75 TEC, but with a change in the voting procedure to the OLP with QMV, except for Article 72, which replaces unanimity in the Constitution Article III-237 with a “special legislative procedure”. Other, minor, changes are Article 75(c), which adds the EP to those bodies to be consulted, and Article 78 (Constitution Article III-243), allowing the Article concerning German unification to be repealed after 5 years.
Present Articles 154 – 156 on Trans-European Networks (TENS) have been moved to Title VII and contain only minor amendments.”
The Library Research Paper 07/86 is available at:
http://www.parliament.uk/commons/lib/research/rp2007/rp07-086.pdf
***
The House of Lords European Union Committee report ‘The Treaty of Lisbon: an impact assessment, Volume I: Report’ (HL Paper 62-I, published 13 March 2008) made no explicit reference to Article 100 TFEU.
The report is accessible at:
http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldeucom/62/62.pdf
***
Sweden
The consultation paper of the government of Sweden, ‘Lissabonfördraget; Statsrådsberedningen, Departementsserien (Ds), Ds 2007:48’ published 20 December 2007, bundled together transport and trans-European networks under the headline ‘Transporter och transeuropeiska nät’ (page 280 to 282).
The text offers an overview of the coming Title VI ‘Transport’, and it remarks that in practice provisions on air and sea transport are already adopted by co-decision:
”Åtgärder på sjöfarts- respektive luftfartsområdena ska antas i enlighet med det ordinarie lagstiftningsförfarandet (artikel 80.2 i EUF-fördraget). I praktiken antas lagstiftning på områdena redan idag gemensamt av Europaparlamentet och rådet med kvalificerad majoritet.”
The consultation paper ’Lissabonfördraget’ is available at:
http://www.regeringen.se/content/1/c6/09/49/81/107aa077.pdf
***
Finland
The Finnish ratification bill, ‘Hallituksen esitys Eduskunnalle Euroopan unionista tehdyn sopimuksen ja Euroopan yhteisön perustamissopimuksen muuttamisesta tehdyn Lissabonin sopimuksen hyväksymisestä ja laiksi sen lainsäädännön alaan kuuluvien määräysten voimaansaattamisesta’ (HE 23/2008 vp), includes a systematic commentary on the treaty provisions. The explanation on Article 80 TFEU (ToL), renumbered Article 100 TFEU, is one example of this methodical approach (page 206):
”80 artiklan (uusi 100 artikla) 2 kohtaa, joka koskee meri- ja lentoliikenteestä annettavaa säännöstöä, muutetaan siten, että parlamentti ja neuvosto antavat tavallista lainsäätämisjärjestystä noudattaen meri- ja lentoliikennettä koskevat aiheelliset säännökset alueiden komiteaa sekä talous- ja sosiaalikomiteaa kuultuaan. Nykyisen SEY 80 artiklan 2 kohdassa määrätään neuvoston voivan määräenemmistöllä päättää, annetaanko meri- ja lentoliikennettä koskevia aiheellisia säännöksiä sekä missä laajuudessa ja mitä menettelyä noudattaen niitä annetaan, ja että tällöin sovelletaan SEY 71 artiklan määräyksiä menettelystä. SEY 71 artiklassa tarkoitettu menettely vastaa SEUT 80 artiklan 2 kohtaan nyt kirjattavaa menettelyä. SEUT 80 artikla vastaa perustuslakisopimuksen III-245 artiklaa säädösinstrumentin yksilöintiä eurooppalaiksi tai -puitelaiksi lukuun ottamatta.”
The Finnish ratification bill is available at:
http://www.finlex.fi/fi/esitykset/he/2008/20080023.pdf
The Swedish language version of the ratification bill ‘Regeringens proposition till Riksdagen med förslag om godkännande av Lissabonfördraget om ändring av fördraget om Europeiska unionen och fördraget om upprättandet av Europeiska gemenskapen och till lag om sättande i kraft av de bestämmelser i fördraget som hör till området för lagstiftningen’ (RP 23/2008 rd), offers the same observations on page 209:
”Artikel 80.2 (blivande artikel 100), som gäller bestämmelser för sjöfart och luftfart ändras så att parlamentet och rådet i enlighet med det ordinarie lagstiftningsförfarandet får fastställa lämpliga bestämmelser för sjöfart och luftfart efter att ha hört Ekonomiska och sociala kommittén och Regionkommittén. I nuvarande artikel 80.2 i EG-fördraget bestäms att rådet får med kvalificerad majoritet besluta huruvida, i vilken omfattning och på vilket sätt lämpliga bestämmelser ska kunna meddelas för sjöfart och luftfart och att procedurreglerna i artikel 71 ska tillämpas. Det förfarande som avses i artikel 71 i EGfördraget motsvarar det förfarande som nu skrivs in i artikel 80.2 i EUF-fördraget. Artikel 80 i EUF-fördraget motsvarar artikel III- 245 i det konstitutionella fördraget med undantag för att rättsaktsinstrumentet individualiseras som europalag eller ramlag.”
The ratification bill in Swedish can be accessed at:
http://www.finlex.fi/sv/esitykset/he/2008/20080023.pdf
***
The Treaty of Lisbon retains traces of the historical dichotomy between transport in the internal market (by rail, road and inland waterway; first paragraph) and sea and air transport, at least initially more concerned with relations to third countries (second paragraph).
Ralf Grahn
***
Article 100 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) is found in the consolidated version of the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, published in the Official Journal of the European Union, OJ 9.5.2008 C 115/87–88:
Part Three ‘Policies and internal actions of the Union’
Title VI TFEU ‘Transport’
Article 100 TFEU
(ex Article 80 TEC)
1. The provisions of this Title shall apply to transport by rail, road and inland waterway.
2. The European Parliament and the Council, acting in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure, may lay down appropriate provisions for sea and air transport. They shall act after consulting the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions.
***
In Article 2, point 75 of the Treaty of Lisbon (ToL) the intergovernmental conference (IGC 2007) laid out the specific amendments to Article 80 TEC (OJ 17.12.2007 C 306/68).
75) In Article 80, paragraph 2 shall be replaced by the following:
‘2. The European Parliament and the Council, acting in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure, may lay down appropriate provisions for sea and air transport. They shall act after consulting the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions.’.
***
The TFEU table of equivalences tells us that Article 80 TEC first became Article 80 TFEU (ToL), but later renumbered Article 100 TFEU in the consolidated version (OJ 17.12.2007 C 306/210).
***
The current Article 80 of the Treaty establishing the European Community (TEC) is found under Title V ‘Transport’ in the latest consolidated version of the treaties in force (OJ 29.12.2006 C 321 E/73):
Article 80 TEC
1. The provisions of this title shall apply to transport by rail, road and inland waterway.
2. The Council may, acting by a qualified majority, decide whether, to what extent and by what procedure appropriate provisions may be laid down for sea and air transport.
The procedural provisions of Article 71 shall apply.
***
For the sake of a systematic comparison, we look at the Article during the previous treaty reform stages.
First, we turn to the European Convention.
Article III-143 of the draft Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe looked like this (OJ 18.7.2003 C 169/55):
Article III-143 Draft Constitution
1. This Section shall apply to transport by rail, road and inland waterway.
2. European laws or framework laws may lay down appropriate measures for sea and air transport. They shall be adopted after consultation of the Committee of the Regions and the Economic and Social Committee.
***
Article III-245 of the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe adopted the wording of the European Convention without change (OJ 16.12.2004 C 310/108).
***
What has been said about Article 100 TFEU?
United Kingdom
Professor Steve Peers covered the Treaty of Lisbon in a number of Statewatch Analyses. ‘EU Reform Treaty Analysis no. 3.3: Revised text of Part Three, Titles I to VI of the Treaty establishing the European Community (TEC): Internal Market and competition’ (Version 2, 23 October 2007) includes the current Title V Transport.
Peers highlighted the amendment to Article 80 TEC and TFEU (ToL), to be renumbered Article 100 TFEU in the consolidated version, and he added the following comment (page 23):
“In practice, legislation on sea and air transport is already adopted by the co-decisions procedure.”
The analysis 3.3 and other useful Statewatch analyses are available through:
http://www.statewatch.org/euconstitution.htm
***
The Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) offers a convenient source of brief annotations on Lisbon Treaty amendments in ‘A comparative table of the current EC and EU treaties as amended by the Treaty of Lisbon’ (Command Paper 7311, published 21 January 2008). It offers the following comment on Article 100 TFEU, Article 80 TFEU (ToL) in the original Lisbon Treaty (page 11):
“Draws and Article 80 TEC. QMV already applies, co-decision applied to paragraph 2.”
The FCO comparative table is available at:
http://www.official-documents.gov.uk/document/cm73/7311/7311.asp
***
The UK House of Commons Library Research Paper 07/86 ‘The Treaty of Lisbon: amendments to the Treaty establishing the European Community’ (published 6 December 2007) wrapped up Transport in a brief comment on page 56:
“F. Transport
Title V, Articles 70-80 (Constitution Articles III-236 – 245) are on transport and are based largely on Articles 70 – 75 TEC, but with a change in the voting procedure to the OLP with QMV, except for Article 72, which replaces unanimity in the Constitution Article III-237 with a “special legislative procedure”. Other, minor, changes are Article 75(c), which adds the EP to those bodies to be consulted, and Article 78 (Constitution Article III-243), allowing the Article concerning German unification to be repealed after 5 years.
Present Articles 154 – 156 on Trans-European Networks (TENS) have been moved to Title VII and contain only minor amendments.”
The Library Research Paper 07/86 is available at:
http://www.parliament.uk/commons/lib/research/rp2007/rp07-086.pdf
***
The House of Lords European Union Committee report ‘The Treaty of Lisbon: an impact assessment, Volume I: Report’ (HL Paper 62-I, published 13 March 2008) made no explicit reference to Article 100 TFEU.
The report is accessible at:
http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldeucom/62/62.pdf
***
Sweden
The consultation paper of the government of Sweden, ‘Lissabonfördraget; Statsrådsberedningen, Departementsserien (Ds), Ds 2007:48’ published 20 December 2007, bundled together transport and trans-European networks under the headline ‘Transporter och transeuropeiska nät’ (page 280 to 282).
The text offers an overview of the coming Title VI ‘Transport’, and it remarks that in practice provisions on air and sea transport are already adopted by co-decision:
”Åtgärder på sjöfarts- respektive luftfartsområdena ska antas i enlighet med det ordinarie lagstiftningsförfarandet (artikel 80.2 i EUF-fördraget). I praktiken antas lagstiftning på områdena redan idag gemensamt av Europaparlamentet och rådet med kvalificerad majoritet.”
The consultation paper ’Lissabonfördraget’ is available at:
http://www.regeringen.se/content/1/c6/09/49/81/107aa077.pdf
***
Finland
The Finnish ratification bill, ‘Hallituksen esitys Eduskunnalle Euroopan unionista tehdyn sopimuksen ja Euroopan yhteisön perustamissopimuksen muuttamisesta tehdyn Lissabonin sopimuksen hyväksymisestä ja laiksi sen lainsäädännön alaan kuuluvien määräysten voimaansaattamisesta’ (HE 23/2008 vp), includes a systematic commentary on the treaty provisions. The explanation on Article 80 TFEU (ToL), renumbered Article 100 TFEU, is one example of this methodical approach (page 206):
”80 artiklan (uusi 100 artikla) 2 kohtaa, joka koskee meri- ja lentoliikenteestä annettavaa säännöstöä, muutetaan siten, että parlamentti ja neuvosto antavat tavallista lainsäätämisjärjestystä noudattaen meri- ja lentoliikennettä koskevat aiheelliset säännökset alueiden komiteaa sekä talous- ja sosiaalikomiteaa kuultuaan. Nykyisen SEY 80 artiklan 2 kohdassa määrätään neuvoston voivan määräenemmistöllä päättää, annetaanko meri- ja lentoliikennettä koskevia aiheellisia säännöksiä sekä missä laajuudessa ja mitä menettelyä noudattaen niitä annetaan, ja että tällöin sovelletaan SEY 71 artiklan määräyksiä menettelystä. SEY 71 artiklassa tarkoitettu menettely vastaa SEUT 80 artiklan 2 kohtaan nyt kirjattavaa menettelyä. SEUT 80 artikla vastaa perustuslakisopimuksen III-245 artiklaa säädösinstrumentin yksilöintiä eurooppalaiksi tai -puitelaiksi lukuun ottamatta.”
The Finnish ratification bill is available at:
http://www.finlex.fi/fi/esitykset/he/2008/20080023.pdf
The Swedish language version of the ratification bill ‘Regeringens proposition till Riksdagen med förslag om godkännande av Lissabonfördraget om ändring av fördraget om Europeiska unionen och fördraget om upprättandet av Europeiska gemenskapen och till lag om sättande i kraft av de bestämmelser i fördraget som hör till området för lagstiftningen’ (RP 23/2008 rd), offers the same observations on page 209:
”Artikel 80.2 (blivande artikel 100), som gäller bestämmelser för sjöfart och luftfart ändras så att parlamentet och rådet i enlighet med det ordinarie lagstiftningsförfarandet får fastställa lämpliga bestämmelser för sjöfart och luftfart efter att ha hört Ekonomiska och sociala kommittén och Regionkommittén. I nuvarande artikel 80.2 i EG-fördraget bestäms att rådet får med kvalificerad majoritet besluta huruvida, i vilken omfattning och på vilket sätt lämpliga bestämmelser ska kunna meddelas för sjöfart och luftfart och att procedurreglerna i artikel 71 ska tillämpas. Det förfarande som avses i artikel 71 i EGfördraget motsvarar det förfarande som nu skrivs in i artikel 80.2 i EUF-fördraget. Artikel 80 i EUF-fördraget motsvarar artikel III- 245 i det konstitutionella fördraget med undantag för att rättsaktsinstrumentet individualiseras som europalag eller ramlag.”
The ratification bill in Swedish can be accessed at:
http://www.finlex.fi/sv/esitykset/he/2008/20080023.pdf
***
The Treaty of Lisbon retains traces of the historical dichotomy between transport in the internal market (by rail, road and inland waterway; first paragraph) and sea and air transport, at least initially more concerned with relations to third countries (second paragraph).
Ralf Grahn
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